L’importanza del riscaldamento pre allenamento nel calcio

Posted on maggio 26, 2010 
Filed Under 2-Preparazione Atletica, Prevenzione

Pur essendo tutti gli addetti ai lavori coscienti sull’importanza dell’ allenamento nel calcio del riscaldamento in preparazione della seduta d’allenamento o della gara, spesso le regole più basilari di questo vengono disattese.

Bisognerebbe trovare una mediazione che ci permetta di poter eseguire un utile riscaldamento senza entrare in conflitto con il lavoro dell’allenatore di calcio o fuori dalle tempistiche prefissate.

Cos’è il riscaldamento o warm up.

Il riscaldamento nel calcio prima dell’ allenamento, non è altro che la preparazione dell’organismo ad effettuare la prestazione voluta, passando dalla condizione di riposo allo stato di attivazione, in modo graduale e con progressivo aumento dell’intensità.

Questo permette di:

1) aumentare la temperatura corporea e muscolare,
2) aumentare la FC, e quindi l’afflusso di sangue,
3) facilità la trasmissione degli impulsi nervosi, nonché alzare la soglia dei recettori neuromuscolari,
4) permette una maggior velocità di contrazione riducendo il tempo di latenza,
5) riduce la viscosità a livello muscolare, 6) miglioramento della meccanica di movimento, 7) incremento dell’attività enzimatica e delle reazioni metaboliche.

A secco o con la palla.
A volte sentiamo diversi allenatori di calcio che dicono: “Oggi  eseguiremo un riscaldamento tecnico con palla ad alta intensità”.

Questo pensiero include due principali contraddizioni.

Se il riscaldamento, prima di aumentare i carichi di allenamento, è ad alta intensità, non è un riscaldamento.

In seconda battuta, non è ideale iniziare subito un allenamento con palla che richieda i tipici gesti tecnici del nostro sport. Questo perché potrebbe portare a piccoli-grandi infortuni se non eseguito veramente a bassissima intensità.

Normalmente i calciatori non riescono a trattenersi, quindi paradossalmente anche il vecchio torello fatto a freddo e senza cognizione, potrebbe diventare controproducente.

Per non parlare poi della famosa “mischietta”, anti preparazione all’allenamento di calcio per eccellenza.

Il nostro calcio, spesso vive su esperienze personali (in particolare nelle categorie inferiori, ma non solo), quindi bisogna cercare di istruire e mediare per una corretta preparazione alla sforzo. Limitare il numero d’infortuni legati all’ “Impreparazione” può essere un aspetto molto importante per la nostra stagione.

A questo punto la domanda più ovvia, sarebbe: “Riscaldamento a secco o con palla?”.

Premettendo che un riscaldamento a secco raramente prima di un allenamento o di una partita ufficiale di calcio procura danni se eseguito correttamente ed ad intensità crescente, bisogna prima di eseguire un warm up con palla, almeno prevedere una piccola parte a secco preparatoria per le motivazioni sopra citate.

segui la seconda parte del riscaldamento pre-gara

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